Array
(
    [fullTitle] => DIVINE HIDDENNESS AND HUMAN REASON: EXPLORING THE EPISTEMOLOGICAL CHALLENGES IN CONTEMPORARY THEISM
    [abstract] => The idea of divine hiddenness looks for why there is no evident and unequivocal evidence of God's existence and seeks to answer these questions within the philosophy of religion. Those who criticize complain that if all things are being done well, he would be conspicuously displayed; the existence of these honest unbelievers indicates a lack of care or no such thing at all. To this, theists reply that divine hiddenness has needful purposes, e.g., keeping free will, provoking true faith, and facilitating moral and spiritual perfection growth. This paper analyses the arguments for and against divine hiddenness concerning the consequences of belief, faith, and human reasoning. The discussion suggests the subtle relationship between divine presence and human perception, which is a key issue in religious epistemology. The process of faith and reason continues to be a battle that the current theism faces, thus causing epistemological challenges. Recent theories of arguments for God's existence have come under scrutiny, but rationalist theists continue to elaborate philosophical counter-arguments. Divine hiddenness, the problem of evil, and the nature of religious experience are the issues that contribute to the discourse, which requires a proper balance between theological commitment and philosophical inquiry. Ultimately, though, this process of enquiring into epistemic justification in theism continues to be a dialogue stemming from humanity and how human beings understand and believe. 
    [authors] => Array
        (
            [0] => Array
                (
                    [givenName] => Nathaniel Carter
                    [affiliation] => University of Florence, Italy
                )

        )

    [keywords] => Array
        (
            [0] => Divine Hiddenness (DH), Human Reason (HR), Epistemological Challenges (EC), Contemporary Theism (CT)
        )

    [doi] => 10.24204/ejpr.2025.4783
    [datePublished] => 2025-02-14
    [pdf] => https://www.philosophy-of-religion.eu/menuscript/index.php/ejpr/article/view/4783/version/2168/3477
)
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DIVINE HIDDENNESS AND HUMAN REASON: EXPLORING THE EPISTEMOLOGICAL CHALLENGES IN CONTEMPORARY THEISM

Nathaniel Carter
University of Florence, Italy

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24204/ejpr.2025.4783

Abstract

The idea of divine hiddenness looks for why there is no evident and unequivocal evidence of God's existence and seeks to answer these questions within the philosophy of religion. Those who criticize complain that if all things are being done well, he would be conspicuously displayed; the existence of these honest unbelievers indicates a lack of care or no such thing at all. To this, theists reply that divine hiddenness has needful purposes, e.g., keeping free will, provoking true faith, and facilitating moral and spiritual perfection growth. This paper analyses the arguments for and against divine hiddenness concerning the consequences of belief, faith, and human reasoning. The discussion suggests the subtle relationship between divine presence and human perception, which is a key issue in religious epistemology. The process of faith and reason continues to be a battle that the current theism faces, thus causing epistemological challenges. Recent theories of arguments for God's existence have come under scrutiny, but rationalist theists continue to elaborate philosophical counter-arguments. Divine hiddenness, the problem of evil, and the nature of religious experience are the issues that contribute to the discourse, which requires a proper balance between theological commitment and philosophical inquiry. Ultimately, though, this process of enquiring into epistemic justification in theism continues to be a dialogue stemming from humanity and how human beings understand and believe.

Keywords: Divine Hiddenness (DH), Human Reason (HR), Epistemological Challenges (EC), Contemporary Theism (CT)

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